Choosing a Scuba Regulator

Aqua Lung Legend LXBecause the scuba regulator is an important piece of the Total Dive System, most divers choose to buy their own instead of renting.    Divers who rent a scuba regulator will notice the action of regulator with will be different during each rental.    The rented regulator will be looser or tighter, deliver air forcefully, or have draw air in a forceful manner.      As many divers are aware, the goal of the regulator is to deliver air on demand at ambient pressure.    The comfort level with a regulator depends on how the diver breathes.     It is up to the diver to choose the regulator that works best despite what a dive shop recommends.     So choose a regulator that feels right to you.

If you are a new scuba diver renting or borrowing a regulator, take note of the brand and model and how it feels.   This will help determine your likes and dislikes for when you decide to purchase.

So when you are shopping for a new or used regulator, do consider the following:

  • ergonomics:  How it is designed and how easy it is  to hold.
  • Does it use Non-corroding metals like titanium or chromed brass
  • purge button: How easy is it to press when wearing exposure protection or not .
  • external controls: Making those fine adjustment to the air flow.
  • Diaphragm vs. piston mechanics. Most divers prefer diaphragm regulators than piston because of its smooth movement and fewer moving parts.
  • Balanced vs. unbalanced regulators.  Do not buy an unbalanced regulator!!!!!!!
  • Buy new when you can.  If you must buy used, ensure it can be serviced by your local dive shop.
  • Look for a warranty on new or slightly used regulators.

-Fin For YourSelf

Long Caye at Lighthouse Reef, Belize – A Diver's Delight!

By Dustin Hart

The Cayes of Lighthouse Reef!

Belize boasts of three of the most unspoiled and pristine atoll reefs in the world - and the one which is farthest offshore is the teardrop shaped, Lighthouse Reef Atoll. A diving expedition to Lighthouse Reef starts from its northern shores, where the Sandbore Caye and Northern Two Cayes greet you at this gateway. Most of these Cayes have an internal lagoon, which also acts as a giant natural cooler.

For divers, the real action is in and around the "diving jewel" known as Long Caye, which is at southernmost tip of the Lighthouse Reef Atoll. Most divers travel by boat 2.5 hours in each direction, to and from Ambergis Caye to Long Caye - which is surrounded by eight of the finest diving sites in Belize....and perhaps even the Hemisphere. Long Caye is slowly becoming the most sought after diving destination in the Caribbean - leading to an unprecedented rush to get a piece of this Belize Real Estate.

It makes sense to have a modest beach house on Long Caye - particularly for seasoned divers who make frequent trips to and from Long Caye.

And, if you love the red footed booby bird, then you have Half Moon Caye, a natural monument of the Government of Belize awaiting you just less than three mile due east of Long Caye.

From Cayes to Diving Holes...

Black Corals, Orange Sponges, Frigates, White Pelican - It cannot get better than these, and particularly if you are a diver. One could not have asked for a better deal from Mother Nature - Almost 40 of the most untouched diving spots in the world...adorned and naturally manicured with 20 foot stalactites, coral reefs, mangroves and sublime internal lagoons. It's no wonder that the Real Estate in Belize is lapped up by the nature lovers from around the world. So, let's meander around some of the most famous diving spots in Belize and Lighthouse Reef Atoll...

The Great Blue Hole...

The Great Blue is 1,000 feet across 400 feet deep and the coral is visible right from the top. It is not only visited by diving aficionados but also by fish of every variety. And if you did not know, the Great Blue Hole is the largest ocean sinkhole in the world - large enough to be visible from outer space. This marine treasure boasts of red algae, hydroids and gorgonians cover most of the corals. You may also find sharing brush, mermaid's fan algae, elkhorm, club finger, shallow-water starlet corals, giant green anemones and various urchins.

Half Moon Caye and Wall...

At the southeast corner of the atoll, nature opens its full panorama for mankind - A densely populated bird sanctuary to the west and coconut palms to the east. If you are an ornithologist, this might tickle your curiosity - 98 recorded species of birds including frigate, red footed booby birds, pelicans, ospreys, egrets, gulls, storks, terns - just to name a few. And to top it all, you have a treetop bird watching platform...Can it get better than this?

The Wall is located south of Half Moon Caye. Divers can experience a depth of 30 feet and a visibility of 100 feet. The nature's aquarium at Half Moon contains garden eels, conch, rays, flounder, star-eye hermit crab, tilefish, manta rays, groupers, yellowtail snappers, razorfish, toadfish, spotted eagle rays, turtles and black groupers.

Hat Caye Drop

Visibility - 50 feet, Currents - minimal...This is for the beginners who come to Hat Caye Drop, very close to Long Caye. Marine life is exceptional and unique - basket sponge, coral shrimp with white antennas, giant yellow tube sponges and deep-water lace coral. The lack of current at Hat Caye makes it an absolute favorite for the beginners.

Tres Cocos

To the east on Long Caye stood a trio of tall palm trees - and that's the origin of Tres Cocos. It is almost one mile from Hat Caye Drop and boasts of a diving visibility of 80 feet and 30 foot depth - minimal to medium currents.

What comes along with Tres Cocos is a feast for the eyes - coral shrimp, large spotted moray eels, lion's paw sea cucumbers, urchins, arrow crabs and sea feathers, parrotfish, damselfish, blue tang, jacks, large black groupers and turtles.

Long Caye Ridge...

To the west of Long Caye is hidden the perfect diving spot for beginners - depths of 40 feet, 80 feet of visibility and minimal currents. For those of you who are itching for marine photography, you have - soft coral, vase and tube sponges, yellow pencil corals and you will also see coral niches for spotted crabs, lobsters, filefish and arrow blennies. West Point I & II is also a great diving spot for beginners.

Que Brada...

Que Brada means "broken reef" - and its ½ mile north of Long Caye - 40 plus feet, 80 feet of visibility. The marine vista continues with schools of yellow tail snappers tailing divers on the reefs, large black groupers, ocean triggerfish, spotted eagle rays and turtles.

Cathedral Reef...

With mild undercurrent and 50 feet of visibility, Cathedral Reef is a great diving destination for intermediate divers.

Silver Caves, Nurse Shark Lodge, Eagle Ray Wall, Southwest Cut are other favorite destinations for beginner divers who travel to Long Caye.

The Aquarium...

To the northwest of Long Caye is the Aquarium - aptly named because of the multitude of marine flora and fauna that adorns the ridges and reef. The variety of invertebrates and exotic fauna at Aquarium is mesmerizing to say the least. The sheer brilliance of colored fish is dazzling for the divers.

Dive Away...

The unforgettable mosaic of marine life and clusters of natural diving platforms entices the novice as well as professional divers time and again to Long Caye at Lighthouse Reef.

Because of the spurt of activity in the Belize Real Estate segment, the environmental conservation has become one of the top most priorities for the government and Belize Property developers.

Dustin Hart is not a quintessential writer - rather he is a back-packer who lives off his ultra-light folding bike. He lives (or tries to live) in the state of Washington - with his dog Toobs. He recently caught up with Larry Schneider of Eco Holdings Limited in relation to the ecofriendly tourism & real estate in Belize.

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Outfit Yourself for Scuba Diving

Scuba-diving products from brands such as Scubapro, Oceanic, Halcyon, Faber, Mares, Dive  Rite,Sea Elite,Suunto, and OMS can help keep you comfortable in the water.

Stay warm with a scuba wetsuit

To make your dive as easy and as comfortable as possible, choose a well-insulated wetsuit that fits your body and lets you breathe and move about easily. Most wetsuits are made of neoprene, a material that compresses and becomes less insulated the deeper you dive. If you plan to dive in deeper, colder waters, consider a thicker wetsuit. While a 1/8-inch thick neoprene suit is fine for 70-degree (or warmer) waters, a 3/8-inch thick suit is ideal for water with temperatures between 35 and 65 degrees.

  • Dry suits: Dry suits with seals and straps at the neck, wrists, and ankles keep out excess water. Most are designed for use in water colder than 60 degrees and on deeper dives. You may want to add a hood and booties if you venture into waters below 50 degrees.

  • Full-length wetsuits: A full-length wetsuit covers your arms and legs to the wrists and ankles. Scuba divers typically wear them in 65- to 72-degree waters.

  • Full suits: One-piece full suits enclose you from the neck to the ankles (some are available with shorter legs). Scuba divers typically wear them in 60- to 65-degree waters.

  • ¾ wetsuits : Short-sleeved, ankle-length, ¾ wetsuits are one-pieces worn in 72- to 80-degree waters.

  • Shortie: Shorties are short-sleeved, short-legged, one-piece wetsuits worn in 72- to 80-degree waters.

See underwater with a scuba diving mask

Consider size and construction when purchasing a scuba mask.

  • Scuba mask sizing: Masks are available in small, medium, and large sizes with smaller masks delivering the tightest seal. Low-volume scuba masks offer less distortion and greater peripheral vision, while double-flanged face seals keep your mask even more water- and airtight.

  • Scuba mask construction: Most scuba masks are made of durable, lightweight plastic and non-allergenic silicone masks. Manufacturers often employ distortion-free tempered glass for lenses. Both single- and double-lens masks are available (the latter offer enhanced peripheral vision).

Fit your scuba fins

If you’re male, use your usual shoe size when choosing scuba fins. If you’re female, subtract one-half to two sizes from your usual shoe size. Next, pick a model ideal for your body type: larger, stiffer fins are best for divers with strong legs and hips, while the smaller, flexible fins are ideal for smaller divers. Both open-heel and full-foot fins are available.

  • Open-heel scuba fins: Open-heel scuba fins are worn over neoprene booties.

  • Full-foot scuba fins: Full-foot scuba fins are worn over bare feet or thin Lycra or neoprene socks. They are not designed for use in water colder than 70 degrees, near coral reefs, nor in other potentially abrasive settings.

Take the Pressure Off With Scuba Tanks

Packing sufficient air and monitoring its pressure are crucial when you scuba dive.

Choose a scuba tank

Your scuba tank should be lightweight, yet roomy enough to hold all the air you need on your dive. A 50 to 63 cubic foot tank is sufficient for shallow diving; the 80-cubic-foot tank is best on deeper (130-foot) excursions. There are also 100-cubic-foot tanks available for “heavy breathers” as well as pony bottles of 40 cubic foot or less (used as a backup air supply).

Regulate your airflow

Scuba tanks contain high-pressure air that must be converted to breathable air by scuba tank regulators. Monitoring your air pressure is an important prevention against the bends. Be sure to choose a hose and mouthpiece ideal for your use.

Buy buoyancy compensators (BC)

The buoyancy compensator (BC) keeps you and your tank afloat at varying depth levels. Pick a BC ideal for your size, shape, and diving style and test its valves and vents before use.

Accurately calculate decompression time

Dive computers track your decompression time at various diving depths, as well as stop times, breathing rates, total dive time, and other crucial information. Some even sound alarms when problems occur.

Avoiding a Ruptured Eardrum – Tips For a Safe Injury-Free Dive

By Katie Plotner

Suffering a ruptured eardrum is an unfortunate and unnecessary complication of scuba diving. If you understand a couple facts about your eardrum and about scuba diving, it's actually quite easy to avoid.

What is the Eardrum?

The eardrum (also known as the tympanic membrane) is the thin membrane that separates the outer and middle ear. This important structure serves two purposes: It prevents ear infections by serving as a barrier to block bacteria from entering the middle ear, and it also allows you to hear. When sound waves strike the ear drum, it vibrates and creates nerve impulses that travel to the brain, resulting in a hearing sensation.

As you can probably guess, the two main consequences of a ruptured eardrum are possible infection and temporary hearing loss.

How Does an Eardrum Rupture?

Although a ruptured eardrum can be caused by several things, including acoustic trauma, fluid buildup from ear infections, and direct damage from foreign objects, the main concern divers need to be aware of is barotrauma (pressure-induced injury).

The middle ear is an airspace, and all air spaces are affected by changes in pressure. Whenever the pressure outside an airspace is greater than the pressure inside, the outer pressure causes the airspace to compress, unless the imbalance is equalized.

Divers call this compression a squeeze. Another common situation in which you may have felt a squeeze in your ears is being on an airplane. If your ears have ever "popped," it's most likely because of a pressure imbalance.

A squeeze can range from uncomfortable to downright painful. You most likely encounter small changes in pressure everyday; however, you don't need to consciously equalize your ears because of a built-in equalization structure known as the Eustachian tube. This tube connects your middle ear to your throat. When air passes between the middle ear and your throat through this tube, the pressure in both air spaces is equalized. Yawning, chewing, swallowing, and wiggling your jaw can also help with this.

But if this built-in equalization mechanism is so handy, why do divers sometimes run into problems with their ears?

The problem is that the Eustachian tube is an airspace too, so it is subject to changes in pressure just like the ears. As the ambient pressure of the water increases, the tube is compressed or even sealed. Without an open air passage, the middle ear compresses, and the ear drum is sucked inward due to the vacuum effect. If ears aren't equalized and the vacuum effect continues to increase, the ear drum could rupture.

What Can You Do About It?

To avoid perforating your eardrum, you need to equalize your ears often during a dive (about every 5 to 10 vertical feet). You can't yawn, chew, swallow, or wiggle your jaw while you have a regulator in your mouth, but equalizing is still very easy!

Simply pinch your nostrils shut with two fingers while you gently blow through your nose. No air should escape from your nostrils, and you should feel a slight pressure or outward bulging in your ears. Make sure not to do this forcefully, though, or you'll risk blowing your eardrum anyway...exactly what you're trying to avoid!

What To Watch Out For

When you're diving, if you notice any pain, ear ringing or buzzing, or hearing loss, you should end the dive and see a doctor.

A ruptured eardrum takes about 2 to 3 months to heal. After that, you should check with an ear, nose, and throat specialist to see if it is safe to dive again. While your normal doctor would probably use an octoscope to examine your eardrum, the ENT specialist uses a binocular microscope that is capable of detecting much smaller perforations. This is important because higher pressure levels can cause water to jet through even a tiny perforation, so you need to be sure the eardrum is completely healed before you dive again.

If you follow the tips outlined above, you'll probably never have to worry about being sidelined by a ruptured eardrum. Take it slow and follow responsible diving protocols, and you'll enjoy plenty of fun, safe, injury-free diving!

Katie Plotner is the creator and editor of http://www.fun-and-safe-scuba-diving.com a site that specializes in providing new and inexperienced scuba divers with easily-accessible information on scuba diving safety, equipment, certification, and tips for fun diving. A certified diver and lifelong ocean enthusiast, Katie is currently pursuing a degree in marine biology from the University of Rhode Island. She can be contacted at http://www.fun-and-safe-scuba-diving.com/contact.html and welcomes all questions and concerns related to diving.

Copyright -- You may copy, republish, and redistribute this article, provided the content, author credit, active links, and this copyright notice remain intact.

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St Lucia Review

By Shannon R. Smith

Recently my husband and I visited the tropical island of St. Lucia. St. Lucia is a small eastern Caribbean island which is approximately 238 square miles in size. It is a democratic country that gained its independence from Great Britain in 1979. The population is just over 166,000. The capital is the city of Castries. It is primarily a mountainous country, being volcanic in origin. English is the official language, with the national currency being the Eastern European dollar. The American dollar, was however, readily accepted wherever we traveled. This particular destination was chosen for its tropical locale, and the opportunity to pursue our favorite hobby, SCUBA diving.

We arrived at the St. Lucia airport early in the afternoon. Getting through the airport took little time. In twenty to twenty-five minutes we went through line, had our passports stamped, and recovered our baggage. Immediately outside the airport was the transportation terminal. Essentially we stepped outside of the building, and the Sandals' staff was right there awaiting our arrival. It was also very refreshing that there weren't twenty people trying to aggressively assist us with our luggage as we'd experienced in several other countries. We were both extremely pleased with our stress free arrival into St. Lucia.

From the airport it was approximately an hour to our facility of choice, the Sandals Grande. If you are an individual plagued by motion sickness, you may wish to begin your anti-emetics before leaving the airport, as the ride from the airport to Sandals was mountainous with many dips and turns. There were several passengers on the route that experienced some degree of motion sickness. Several remarked they wished they had been better prepared for the uneven terrain. It was a chance, however, to see some of the local scenery. The countryside was beautiful. It quickly became obvious bananas were a large part of the commerce in the area, as there were banana trees noted frequently throughout the drive.

Sandals Grande is one of three Sandals resorts on St. Lucia. It is the largest of the three with much scenery and many activities to offer. With regard to the other resorts, the Sandals Regency is touted for its beautiful golf course, and the smaller Halcyon is advertised as a quaint and secluded resort. The latter is recommended for the romantic getaway. One of the benefits to staying at Sandals, however, was that guests were allowed to experience all three resorts on the island at anytime. Your Sandals bracelet allowed access to the Sandals of your choice. Hourly shuttles operated most of the day and night. All one had to do was hop on a shuttle and the amenities of the other resorts were easily accessible.

The Grande was an easy choice for us. It was the largest, and the only Sandals on the island with dive boat operations there on site. It was just a short walk from our room to all the diving and water sport activities. Upon arrival we quickly decided that we had made the correct choice. Our room was everything and more the brochure said it would be, which is not always the case. We had a concierge level room and our baggage was hand delivered there without delay. The Concierge was very accommodating. As new guests, we were provided with a thorough tour of the grounds and the restaurants. We were introduced to the various onsite activities and off site excursions we could engage in. As the trip progressed, we visited the Concierge many times. We were always greeted with a smiling face, and a knowledgeable staff member who made every effort to assist us to the fullest.

One of the best things about Sandals is the fact that the resort is all inclusive. At all but one restaurant there are no additional fees. Gratuity is also not required. There were a couple more upscale restaurants at Sandals which required reservations but meals here were still included in the original price. Gordon's was a special restaurant which cost $150 per couple for the meal if you wished to dine here. In general there was a very good variety and quality of food available.

One of our favorite places was The Pizzeria. It was an outside eatery that made pizzas in a brick fired oven. The thin crispy crust was wonderful! Just behind The Pizzeria was Josephine's. Josephine's was a dessert-lovers delight. Step inside and help yourself to the jars full of chocolate chip cookies or banana bread. Have a yummy shake or delve into a piece of their cheesecake. There were a myriad of desserts, all there for the taking. My mouth is watering now just thinking about it!!

The room service menu was much more limited than the Bayside Restaurant where we had most of our buffet meals. Nonetheless we had access to room service 24 hours a day, and used it many times for our early breakfasts before diving. Just remember - after breakfast you may want to order two helpings of each menu item, as the room service portions were quite small However, it was delivered very quickly, and was equally as delicious as the dining downstairs.

We went diving four of the seven days we were in St. Lucia. The divemasters were all very helpful in making sure we got the correct weights and full tanks. They did a good job of keeping divers on track (making sure they completed safety stops, etc), and didn't let anyone stray. The dive boats were spacious, with ample space for dive gear, etc. You could sit up top for a comfortable ride on the dive sites that were further away. There were many extended trips to the Pitons (two easily identifiable mountain peaks).

Unfortunately the diving we did at St. Lucia was average at best. There was plenty of the usual. Trumpet fish and banded shrimp were plentiful, as at most dive sites. We saw many spotted eel, a juvenile drum, and a file fish. One bonus was that there were more stonefish here than I see at most sites. There was a very noticeable absence of the big animals... turtles, rays, etc. The most troubling aspect of the diving, however, was that there were jellyfish everywhere!! Most divers, including my husband, took a good sting. Most of the jellyfish were hovering near the surface which made the safety stops very stressful. There were also some that were seen (and felt) at depth, as well. One divemaster noted that the jellyfish were a rarity. I heard another say "you know what happens when the current comes in... jellies". The current must have been coming in that entire week!!

On the day before departure we signed up for an all day excursion, the "Soufriere Adventure Cruise". The cost was $112 per person. We boarded a catamaran early in the morning and took a boat ride to the Pitons. There were beverages on board including beer, rum punch, and sodas for the taking all day long. We disembarked in the town of Soufriere where we boarded Taxi's that took us to the Sulphur Springs. It was touted as the "drive through" volcano, but there wasn't much driving through it. You walked down to it while a tour guide explained the history of volcanoes and the island. The information was interesting, but the smell of Sulphur was overwhelming! If you don't like rotten eggs, this would not be the place for you to go. There was no "getting used to it"! Whew!!

After the volcano we drove to the Botanical Garden which was absolutely beautiful. It ended in a gorgeous waterfall. We were told the movie "Romancing the Stone" was filmed here, and I could see why. It was absolutely gorgeous. It was a very nice way to spend the afternoon. After looking at all the flowers and foliage, we headed to a small restaurant at the top of a mountain. Sitting there, looking down at the harbor and up at the pitons, the view was beautiful. The food was satisfying, the people friendly. With our bellies full we headed down the mountain back to the catamaran.

Our return trip included a stop off for snorkeling. We warned the crew and everyone else who would listen about the jellyfish we'd been seeing. Everyone jumped in anyway, and all were back on the boat in about ten minutes, several with stings from jellyfish. Thank goodness bottles of vinegar were plentiful on all boats that week (vinegar is the treatment for dive stings). The stings were quickly taken care of and we were on our way home. As points of interest along the way, we did see a huge containment center for oil, and a very deep and beautiful cove that all the boats took refuge in when hurricanes were headed toward the island.

In conclusion, I would definitely return to the resort Sandals Grande in St. Lucia. The resort was beautiful and full of things to do. The food was good and plentiful, and the staff was wonderful. It was a great place to go be active, or to just sit back, relax, and read a book if that's what you prefer. The diving, however, left much to be desired. It is possible there was better diving elsewhere on the island, but we did not experience it on this trip. I do not like being led into jellyfish infested waters wearing a shorty! I feel we should have been warned. Even had the jellyfish not been there, based on the marine life seen, the diving was subpar. If you're looking for great diving, I'd definitely recommend going elsewhere. For all you non-divers, however, be sure to come and enjoy all the Sandals Grande has to offer!

Are you a new or seasoned Scuba Diver looking for dive information or great deals on Scuba Equipment? If so check out the Scuba blog and Scuba store at http://www.FinForYourSelf.com to find Scuba information and the lowest prices on Scuba Equipment.

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